Defluoridation of Water Using Low Cost Bioadsorbents
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21467/proceedings.7.8.10Keywords:
Coconut shell, Cashew shell, Bamboo shootAbstract
To meet drinking water standards, fluoride levels must be kept below 1 mg/L to prevent fluorosis. This study evaluates low-cost bioadsorbents—cashew shell powder, coconut shell powder, coconut shell crystal, and hydrothermally treated bamboo shoot powder—using batch adsorption at pH 4.4–4.9 and contact times of 1.5–3 hours. 3.5 g coconut shell powder and a mixture of 1.5 g coconut shell powder and 1.5g of cashew shell powder achieved 10 % removal, reducing fluoride from 10 ppm to 9 ppm. Both 2 g coconut shell crystal with 1 g cashew shell powder and bamboo shoot powder dosages of 2–6 g achieved 30 % removal (10 ppm to 7 ppm), while higher bamboo shoot dosages (8–10 g) showed lower efficiency due to supersaturation. The crystal form of coconut shell and bamboo shoot carbon are the most effective adsorbents, and it was found that dosage, pH, and contact time influence the Deflouridation efficiency. These bioadsorbents can be used for community level defluoridation using affordable, locally available materials.
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